[46] Uprisings occurred throughout the country, and parts of the navy mutinied. Olga said: If Mrs. Anderson had indeed been Anastasia, Queen Marie would have recognized her on the spot. Despite her sons' internment and her mother's Danish origins, Olga was implicated in her compatriots' collusion with German forces, as she continued to meet and extend help to Russian migrs fighting against communism. Try again later. [65] On 2 February 1935 in the Russian Orthodox Church in Copenhagen, she and her husband were godparents, with her cousin Prince Gustav of Denmark, to Aleksander Schalburg, son of Russian-born Danish army officer Christian Frederik von Schalburg. Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna (1882 - 1960) - WikiTree Her brusqueness warred against it. The Yugoslav Regent Alexander Karageorgevich, later to become King Alexander I, offered them a permanent home there, but Dowager Empress Marie summoned her daughter to Denmark. She was born in the purple (i.e., during her father's reign) on 13 June 1882 in the Peterhof Palace, west of central Saint Petersburg. Connect to 34 Kulikovsky profiles on Geni, Aug 25 1917 - Mys Ay-Todor, Haspra, Crimea, Apr 9 1993 - Toronto, Toronto Division, Ontario, Canada, Nikolai Alexandrovich Kulikovsky, Gr Duchess Olga Alexandrovna, Feb 21 1987 - Cooksville, Comt De Catawba, Caroline Du Nord, tats-Unis, Nicola Alexandrowitch KULIKOVSKY, Olga Aleksandrovna DE RUSSIE, Aug 25 1917 - Ai Todor, Crimea, Russian Empire, Nikolai Alexandrovich Kulikovsky, Grand Dutchess Olga Alexandrovna Romanov, Agnete Kulikovski (born Parersen), Livia Kulikovski (born Sebesteyn), Olga Kulikovski (born Pupynina), Nikolaj Aleksandrovich Kulikovsky, Olga Alexandrovna [Romanov] of Romanov; Grand Duchess Russia, Nikolaj Aleksandrovich Kulikovsky, Olga Alexandrovna [Romanov] of Russia, Nikolai Aleksandrovich Kulikovsky, Olga Aleksandrovna Romanov, Apr 8 1993 - Toronto, Toronto Division, Ontario, Canada, Nikolai KULIKOVSKY, Olga ROMANOV-HOLSTEIN-GOTTORP, Livia SEBESTEYN, Agnete Carla KULIKOVSKY ROMANOFF, Olga Aleksandrovna Romanov, Grand Duchess of Russia. Capt Tihon Nickolaevich Romanoff Kulikovsky (1917-1993) - Find a Grave He became increasingly disabled by back pain, and died in 1958 aged 76. [3], Kulikovsky was appointed as captain in the Blue Cuirassiers and posted to the provinces. Olga continued to press the Tsar to allow her divorce. Czar Aleksandr III Biography, Age, Height, Wife, Net Worth, Family For instance, she had a scar on one of her fingers and she kept telling everybody that it had been crushed because of a footman shutting the door of a landau too quickly. Her brother and his family, including Olga's niece Grand Duchess Anastasia, were murdered by communists. Add to your scrapbook. Princess Natalia Pavlovna Paley (1905 1981). [56] The service was performed on 16 November 1916 in the Kievo-Vasilievskaya Church on Triokhsviatitelskaya (Three Saints Street) in Kiev. You need a Find a Grave account to continue. 9495. Guri had one brother: Tikon Nikolaevich. The Germans believed the widespread rumors that Michael was still alive and decided to help Natalia escape Russia in an attempt to gain influence with Michael. [15] After visiting Kulikovsky's parents and grandmother in Kharkov, Olga and Kulikovsky returned to Kiev. Guri Nikolaevich - Historical records and family trees - MyHeritage Are you sure that you want to delete this memorial? cemeteries found in Toronto, Toronto Municipality, Ontario, Canada will be saved to your photo volunteer list. Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovnas family: Left to Right: Guri Nikolaevich Kulikovsky, Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna, Tikhon Nikolaevich Kulikovsky, and Nikolai Alexandrovich Kulikovsky, Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna* (1882 1960), daughter of Alexander III, Emperor of All Russia, sister of Nicholas II, Emperor of All Russia who was killed along with his family by the Bolsheviks in 1918, sister of Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich who was killed by the Bolsheviks in 1918 The emotional impact on Olga, aged 12, was traumatic,[15] and her eldest brother, the new Tsar Nicholas II, was propelled into a role for which, in Olga's later opinion, he was ill-prepared. [115] She slipped into a coma on 21 November 1960, and died on 24 November at the age of 78. [2], Olga left Gatchina for the first time in 1888 when the imperial family visited the Caucasus. Birth: . 23 Apr 1919, d. Sep 1984; Citations C. Arnold McNaughton, . He was named after Guri Panaev, who had been killed serving in Olga's Akhtyrsky regiment. These Romanovs and family members managed to escape from Russia: Left to right: Grand Duchess Kira Kirillovna, Grand Duchess Victoria Feodorovna, Grand Duchess Maria Kirillovna, and Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich, Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich* (1876 1938), son of Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich (son of Alexander II, Emperor of All Russia) Mini Bio (1) Her Imperial Highness, The Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna Romanova was born on June 26, 1899. Guri Nikolaevich was born in 1919, to Nikolai Alexandrovich Kulikovsky and Olga von Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf (born av Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov). memorial page for Capt Tihon Nickolaevich Romanoff Kulikovsky (25 Aug 1917-8 Apr 1993), Find a Grave Memorial ID 8315260, citing York Cemetery, . Perry, John Curtis and Pleshakov, Konstantin, 2008. Resend Activation Email, Please check the I'm not a robot checkbox, If you want to be a Photo Volunteer you must enter a ZIP Code or select your location on the map. [65] After a brief stay with the consul, the family was shipped to a refugee camp on the island of Bykada in the Dardanelles Strait near Istanbul, Turkey, where Olga, her husband and children shared three rooms with eleven other adults. When World War I broke out, she set up a military hospital in Pavlovsk Palace, the home of her brother Grand Duke Konstantine Konstantinovich. [11] Olga said of her father: My father was everything to me. or don't show this againI am good at figuring things out. While Christmas and Easter were times of celebration and extravagance, Lent was strictly observedmeat, dairy products and any form of entertainment were avoided.[9]. "[18] From 1901 Olga served as the honorary Commander-in-Chief of the 12th Akhtyrsky Hussar Regiment[ru] of the Imperial Russian Army. Search above to list available cemeteries. (1994), This page was last edited on 9 October 2022, at 00:42. The Art of the Last Romanov Grand Duchess of Russia", "Majestic Artist: 125th birth anniversary of Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna", "Exhibition of Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna's Watercolours Opens in Vladivostok", "The Unfading Light of Charity: Grand Duchess Olga As a Philanthropist And Painter", HIH Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna Memorial Fund, Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna-Royal Russia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grand_Duchess_Olga_Alexandrovna_of_Russia&oldid=1150311222, Crawford, Rosemary; Crawford, Donald (1997), von Nidda, Roland Krug (1958) Commentary in, This page was last edited on 17 April 2023, at 11:59. Princess Nadezhda Petrovna Orlov (1898 1988) [19] The Romanovs isolated in Crimea knew little of the fate of the Tsar and his family. Nikolai Alexandrovich Kulikovsky[2] (5 November 1881 11 August 1958) was the second husband of Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia, the sister of Tsar Nicholas II and daughter of Tsar Alexander III. Person Page - the peerage [21] Peter asked for Olga's hand in marriage the following year, a proposal that took the Grand Duchess completely by surprise: "I was so taken aback that all I could say was 'thank you'," she later explained. At Epiphany 1905, a band of revolutionaries fired live rounds at the Winter Palace from the Peter and Paul Fortress. [23] In March 1918, German forces advanced on the Crimea, and the revolutionary guards were replaced by German ones. and Grand Duchess Elizabeth Mavrikievnas two grandchildren, the children of her son Prince Ioann Konstantinovich who was killed by the Bolsheviks: Prince Vsevolod Ioannovich (1914 1973) Tihon Kulikovsky~Romanoff was the son of Colonel N.A. Princess Xenia Georgievna (1903 1965), Grand Duchess Marie Alexandrovna, Duchess of Saxe-Coburg, Duchess of Edinburgh, Grand Duchess Marie Alexandrovna, Duchess of Saxe-Coburg, Duchess of Edinburgh* (1853 1920), daughter of Alexander II, Emperor of All Russia, widow of Prince Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duke of Edinburgh (son of Queen Victoria), Marie was living in the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, now in Germany, Grand Duchess Anastasia Mikhailovna, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Conceivably, Olga was initially either open to the possibility that Anderson was Anastasia or unable to make up her mind. Please enter your email and password to sign in. [8], The family was deeply religious. and Peter and Militzas three children, their son-in-law, and granddaughter: Princess Marina Petrovna (1892 1981) Immersed in work as he was, he always spared that daily half-hour. In February 1918, this group was split and the major members, including the Dowager Empress Marie Feodorovna, were placed under detention at the Villa Dulber near Yalta. I thought you might like to see a memorial for Capt Tihon Nickolaevich Romanoff Kulikovsky I found on Findagrave.com. Grand Duchess Anastasia Mikhailovna, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin* (1860 1922), daughter of Grand Duke Michael Nicolaievich (son of Nicholas I, Emperor of All Russia), wife of Grand Duke Friedrich Franz III of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Anastasia was living in France. Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia Olga's relationship with her mother, Empress Marie, the daughter of King Christian IX of Denmark, was strained and distant from childhood. ": Sworn testimony of Grand Duchess Olga, Staatsarchiv Hamburg, File 1991 74 0 297/57 Volume 7, pp. Nikolai Semenovich Tikhonov (Russian: ; 4 December [O.S. His grandfather was a general during the Napoleonic Wars, and his family owned two large estates in Ukraine. 12971315, quoted in Phenix, p. 238, "They state that we all recognized her and that we then received an order from Mama to say that she is not Anastasia. The entire Romanov family in Crimea was condemned to death by the Yalta revolutionary council, but the executions were delayed by political rivalry between the Yalta and Sevastopol Soviets. When she met with the Cheka, the Soviet secret police, Natalia accused them of killing Michael and she was put in prison. [56], By 1952, Kulikovsky had shrunk more than 4inches (10cm) from his peak height of 6ft 2inches (188cm). [19], By 1900, Olga, aged 18, was being escorted to the theatre and opera by a distant cousin, Duke Peter Alexandrovich of Oldenburg, a member of the Russian branch of the House of Oldenburg. Prince Felix Felixovich Yusupov (1887 1967), Irinas husband and one of the murderers of Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin Your new password must contain one or more uppercase and lowercase letters, and one or more numbers or special characters. How old was Olga Romanov when she was killed? Four days later, Michael and Johnson were sent to Perm, a thousand miles to the east. They were housed in a grace and favour apartment at Hampton Court Palace while arrangements were made for their journey to Canada as agricultural immigrants. The only guests were the Dowager Empress, Olga's brother-in-law Grand Duke Alexander, four officers of the Akhtyrsky Regiment, and two of Olga's fellow nurses from the hospital in Kiev. [55] Welcome visitors included Princess Marina, Duchess of Kent, the daughter of her first cousin Grand Duchess Elena Vladimirovna of Russia, in 1954. [57] By 1958, he was virtually paralyzed, and had difficulty sleeping. Brother of Guri Nikolaevich Kulikovsky "Olga Kulikovsky was born on 9 January 1964 at Toronto, Ontario, Canada. She married Jose Cordeiro in 1994 at Hamilton, Ontario, Canada"contributed info by H #229074545Olga Kulikovskyhttps://www.findagrave.com/user/profile/50405453, Thank you for fulfilling this photo request. Their marriage of 15 years remained unconsummated, and Peter at first refused Olga's request for a divorce. . Tikhon Nikolaevich (1917-1993) Guri Nikolaevich (1919-1984) House: Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov: Father: Alexander III of Russia: Mother: Dagmar of Denmark: Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia . 22 November] 1896 - 8 February 1979) was a Soviet writer and member of the Serapion Brothers literary group.. A system error has occurred. [74] Olga later explained: she did not strike me as an out-and-out impostor. [127] Pieces by Olga are included in the collections of the British queen Elizabeth II, the Norwegian king Harald V, and private collections in North America and Europe. The carriage was torn open; the heavy iron roof caved in, and the wheels and floor of the car were sliced off. After the Romanov family were destroyed in the Russian Revolution of 1917, she ran away to the Crimea with her mother, husband, and children, where they lived in great danger. and his eldest son and his pregnant daughter-in-law: Prince Andrei Alexandrovich (1897 1981), son of Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich and Grand Duchess Xenia Alexandrovna Tikhon Nicholaevich Kulikovsky Birthdate: August 25, 1917 Birthplace: Ai-Todor, Gaspra, Crimea, Russia (Russian Federation) Death: April 08, 1993 Toronto, Toronto Division, Ontario, Canada Place of Burial: Toronto, Toronto Division, Ontario, Canada Immediate Family: Ksenia Gurievna Kulikovsky Nielsen . [24] Olga took a dislike to her mother-in-law; although Eugnie, a close friend of the Dowager Empress, gave her daughter-in-law many gifts, including a ruby tiara that Napoleon had given as a present to Josphine de Beauharnais. [100] After a rough crossing, the ship docked at Halifax, Nova Scotia. Tikhon Nicholaevich Kulikovsky (1917 - 1993) - Genealogy Tikhon Nicholaevich Kulikovsky public profile View Complete Profile Historical records matching Tikhon Nicholaevich Kulikovsky Tikhon Nicholaevich Kulikovsky in WikiTree Captain Tihon (Tikhon) Nikolaevich Kulikovsky-Romanoff in FamilySearch Family Tree Her birth was announced by a traditional 101-gun salute from the ramparts of the Peter and Paul Fortress, and similar salutes throughout the Russian Empire. [17] Dowager Empress Marie, Grand Duke Alexander, Grand Duchess Olga, and Kulikovsky managed to escape to the Crimea where they lived for a time before they too were placed under house arrest at one of the imperial estates. [19] With the Grand Duchess's prior medical knowledge from the village of Olgino, she started work as a nurse at an under-staffed Red Cross hospital in Rovno, near to where her own regiment was stationed. In 1948, feeling threatened by Joseph Stalin's regime, Olga and her immediate family relocated to a farm in Campbellville, Ontario, Canada. Of the visit Olga later said: My beloved Anastasia was fifteen when I saw her for the last time in the summer of 1916. [18] As a commoner, Kulikovsky was permitted more freedom of movement than the Romanovs, and was occasionally able to leave the estate in a pony-cart, which allowed him to run errands, obtain food, and seek news of the outside. Kulikovsky and Marie did not get along; he was resentful of his wife acting as Marie's secretary and companion,[32] and Marie was distant toward him. (The boys on the ground) Grand Duke Alexei Mikhailovich, Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich, and brothers Grand Dukes Andrei and Boris Vladimirovich (Seated) Grand Duchess Xenia, Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna the elder, Grand Duchess Elena Vladimirovna, Grand Duchess Alexandra Iosifovna, Empress Maria Feodorovna, Emperor Alexander III, Grand Duke Michael Nicholaievich, and Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich. [60] The Grand Duchess died two years later, and was interred next to her husband in York Cemetery, Toronto.[61]. and Grand Duke Peter Nicholaievichs wife: Grand Duchess Militza Nicholaievna (1866 1951), born Princess Milica of Montenegro, wife Grand Duke Peter Nicholaievich, sister of Grand Duchess Anastasia Nicholaievna above. [52] Kulikovsky volunteered for service with the Hussars, who were stationed on the frontlines in Southwestern Russia. 1916 Nikolai Kulikovsky m. 1916; dec. 1958 Issue Tikhon Nikolaevich (1917-1993) Guri Nikolaevich (1919-1984) House House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov Father Alexander III of Russia Mother Empress Marie Feodorovna Born 13 June 1882 Peterhof Palace, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire . Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia - KidzSearch As manager of this memorial you can add or update the memorial using the Edit button below. Through the intervention of neutral Norway, Helen was allowed to leave Russia in December 1918 and joined her children in Sweden. To use this feature, use a newer browser. Nikolai Tikhonov (writer) - Wikipedia Nikolai Kulikovsky was born into a military family from the Voronezh province of Russia. She was the third daughter of Tsar Nicholas II and Tsarina Alexandra. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. [62], Olga and her husband refused to leave Russia and decided to move to the Caucasus, which the White Army had cleared of revolutionary Bolsheviks. During the First World War, Olga served as an army nurse and was awarded a medal for personal gallantry. They were all rescued in April 1919 by the British battleship HMS Marlborough which had been sent by King George V of the United Kingdom, the nephew of Dowager Empress Marie Feodorovna. Timofei Ksenofontovich Yatchik, the former imperial bodyguard, guarded Empress Maria Feodorovna until her death in 1928 and then lived the rest of his life in Denmark. [47] On 2June 1948, Kulikovsky, Olga, Tikhon and his Danish-born wife Agnete, Guri and his Danish-born wife Ruth, Guri and Ruth's two children, Xenia and Leonid, and Olga's companion and former maid Emilia Tenso ("Mimka") departed Liverpool on board the Empress of Canada. Nicholas, Alexandra, and their children were originally held at their official residence, the Alexander Palace, but the Provisional government under Alexander Kerensky relocated them to Tobolsk, Siberia. Are you sure that you want to delete this flower? Nicholas II had already been shot dead and the family assumed, correctly, that his wife and children had also been killed. Father of Private; Private; Leonid Kulikovsky and Private Grand Duchess Elizabeth Mavrikievna, Gavrils mother, his two youngest siblings, and the two children of his killed brother Prince Ioann Konstantinovich also escaped. 25 Aug 1917, d. 9 Apr 1993; Gouri Kulikovsky + b. Empress Marie helped tend the wounded and made makeshift bandages from her own clothes. Some struggled and some had successful lives. Ex-husband of Agnete Carla Kulikovsky Yatchik, the former bodyguard, accompanied Olga and her family as they traveled to Rostov-on-Don and then to Novorossiysk where the Danish consul Thomas Schytte gave them refuge in his home. [31] At Ramon, Olga and Peter enjoyed walking through the nearby woods and hunted wolves together. [1] Her mother, advised by her sister, Alexandra, Princess of Wales, placed Olga in the care of an English nanny, Elizabeth Franklin. In 1903, he was noticed by Grand Duchess Olga during a military review, and they became close friends. Vorres wrote, Her paintings, vivid and sensitive, are immersed in the subdued light of her beloved Russia. [87] For transport they had a small car and a sledge. And at once I remembered the real incident. In April 1903, during a military parade at the Pavlovsk Palace, Grand Duchess Olga, the youngest sister of Nicholas and Michael, saw Kulikovsky and begged Michael to arrange the seating at a casual luncheon so she and Kulikovsky were adjacent. Becoming a Find a Grave member is fast, easy and FREE. Grand Duchess Marie Pavlovna and her husband Prince Sergei Mikhailovich Puliatin left Petrograd by train for the German-held south in July 1918. Princess Ekaterina Ioannovna (1915 2007), Princess Ekaterina Ioannovna and Prince Vsevolod Ioannovich with their great grandfather King Nicholas I of Montenegro. [22], Their engagement, announced in May 1901, surprised family and friends, as Peter had shown no prior interest in women,[18] and members of society assumed he was homosexual. Her work exudes peace, serenity and a spirit of love that mirror her own character, in total contrast to the suffering she experienced through most of her life. [20] He was 14 years her senior and known for his passion for literature and gambling. After her uncles arrest (he was killed by the Bolsheviks in January 1919), Tatiana and her children fled south with her uncles Aide-de-Camp Colonel Alexander Vasilievich Korotchenzov. [24] Their marriage remained unconsummated,[25] and Olga suspected that Peter's ambitious mother had pushed him into proposing. Although more attention is paid to the eighteen Romanovs who were horribly killed during the Russian Revolution, far more Romanovs and their spouses and children, their morganatic spouses and children, and other family members escaped Russia. [42] As Olga grew close to her brother's family, her relationship with her other surviving brother, Michael, deteriorated. Share this memorial using social media sites or email. Husband of Private Kulikovsky (1881-1958) and "Her Imperial Highness Grand Duchess, Olga (Romanoff) of Russia" (1882-1960). In exile, Olga acted as companion and secretary to her mother and was often sought out by Romanov impostors who claimed to be her dead relatives. [28], On their return to Russia, they settled into a 200-room palace (the former Baryatinsky mansion) at 46 Sergievskaya Street (present-day Tchaikovsky Street[ru]) in Saint Petersburg. In 1925, Olga and Colonel Kulikovsky travelled to Berlin to meet Anna Anderson, who claimed to be Olga's niece, Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia. Survivors claimed the Tsar crawled out from beneath the crushed roof, and held it up with "a Herculean effort" so that the others could escape;[3] a story subsequently considered unbelievable. These Romanov morganatic wives and children from morganatic marriages managed to escape: George Mikhailovich Brasov, Count Brasov (1910 1931), son of Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich (son of Alexander III, Emperor of All Russia and brother of Nicholas II, Emperor of All Russia) who was killed by the Bolsheviks in 1918 and his morganatic wife Countess Natalia Sergeievna Brassova After his father was arrested on March 7, 1918, his mother, concerned for his safety, arranged to have George and his nanny smuggled out of Russia with the help of the Danish Embassy. At the time of the abdication of Nicholas II, these Romanov morganatic wives and children from morganatic marriages were living in other countries: Princess Ekaterina Mikhailovna Dolgorukova, Princess Yurievskaya, Princess Ekaterina Mikhailovna Dolgorukova, Princess Yurievskaya* (1847 1922), morganatic second wife and widow of Alexander II, Emperor of All Russia, was living in France. If you notice a problem with the translation, please send a message to [emailprotected] and include a link to the page and details about the problem. Oops, we were unable to send the email. Reportedly, she walked miles without food, suffering great hardship. Natalia obtained a travel permit so she could join Michael in Perm. ; Credit Wikipedia. As the White Army was pushed back and the Red Army approached, the family set out on what would be their last journey through Russia; they travelled to Rostov-on-Don, and from there took refuge at Novorossiysk in the residence of the Danish consul, Thomas Schytte,[28] who informed them of Dowager Empress Marie's safe arrival in Denmark. In November 1919, the family set out on what would be their last journey through Russia. [39], On 2 February 1935, he and Olga attended and acted as godparents, to the baptizing of Aleksander Schalburg, the son of Christian Frederik von Schalburg. Drag images here or select from your computer for Capt Tihon Nickolaevich Romanoff Kulikovsky memorial. Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna of Russia | Unofficial Royalty From there they moved to Austrian occupied Odessa and at the invitation of Queen Marie of Romania traveled to Romania in November 1918. An email has been sent to the person who requested the photo informing them that you have fulfilled their request, There is an open photo request for this memorial. [31] Her daughter-in-law later wrote, "She tried to help every needy person as far as her strengths and means would permit. Weve updated the security on the site. Between March 1913 and July 1918, eight members of her family were murdered: . Livia Sebestyn from tree Albert Snyder Family Tree. [87] Tihon and Guri (age thirteen and eleven, respectively when they moved to Knudsminde) grew up on the farm. and Grand Duke Andrei Vladimirovich and Mathilde Feliksovna Kschessinskayas son: Vladimir Andreievich Krasinsky (1902 1974) later Prince Vladimir Andreievich Krasinsky. Because of what was happening in Russia, they stayed in France. As the White Army was pushed back and the Red Army approached, the family set out on what would be their last journey through Russia. They then traveled to Kyiv which was under German occupation and on to Odessa where they boarded the British destroyer HMS Nereide which took them to Constantinople. In November 1918, with Gorkys assistance, the Petrograd Soviet gave the couple permission to leave Russia for Finland.
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