coa statement and sketch example

A-91. PDF Tools of The Company Commander Considerations may include: A-99. This includes studying the maximum effective range for each weapon system, the doctrinal rates of march, and timelines associated with the performance of certain tasks. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms fancy Study by Action statement, Classes of Action Sketch, COA statment and sketch additionally see. He then must task organize his forces specific to the respective essential tactical tasks and purposes assigned to his subordinate elements. How does the operation affect the civilians? A-69. Some situations have no decisive terrain. Assigning areas of operations to subordinates lets the subordinates use their initiative and supports decentralized execution. People You may begin work on the COA S&S after you have completed the C600 block of instruction and the C634 MDMP Exam. The unit has the technical and tactical skills and resources to accomplish the COA, with available time, space, and resources. Strength Friendly forces information requirements include information leaders need to know about their units or about adjacent units to make critical decisions. Once identified, risk must be reduced through controls. A-47. Course of Move statement. Relying on the technology rather than my senses, I transitioned inside to the instruments and noticed our nose starting to rise and our airspeed slowing. They also must understand leaders' intent (two levels up). The CCIRs identify and filter information needed by leaders to support their vision and to make critical decisions, especially to determine or validate COA. After these groups have been defined, analyzing them and determining their contributions or resistance to friendly operations is easier. A-24. Observation and Fields of Fire 4 Q One technique is to parallel the TLP based on the products received from higher. Examples include mine fields (conventional and situational); antitank ditches; wire obstacles. What lateral routes could the enemy use to threaten our flanks? How do I detect and, if desired, bypass the obstacles? A-66. What avenues would support a friendly counterattack or repositioning of forces? He analyzes if vegetation will affect the employment or trajectory of the Javelin, or 60-mm mortars. _____ (60 points total) COURSE OF ACTION STATEMENT Leaders must identify and understand tasks required to accomplish a given mission. He compares their COA with the enemy's most probable COA. Some types of clouds reduce the effectiveness of radar systems. In order to keep communication at a standstill, phone lines are cut connecting the outside to the camp before the attack. Course-of-Action Development and Analysis - GlobalSecurity.org A situation template is a visual illustration of how the enemy force might look and act without the effects of weather and terrain. The leader must avoid developing his situation template independently of the higher commander's guidance and S-2's product. Template of enemy forces and essential weapon systems. This aspect of civil considerations reinforces the security of the community against poverty and other enablers to instability. We boarded our aircraft, started the engines and positioned ourselves at the passenger terminal to pick up our first passengers for the evening. . Next, the leader analyzes relative combat power, generates options, arrays his forces, develops a CONOP, assigns responsibility, and prepares a COA statement and sketch. A-81. to convey the operation in a doctrinal context. What is the composition of the enemy's reinforcing obstacles? The object is to determine what can go wrong and what decision the leader likely will have to make as a result. Some additional visibility considerations include: Read the following vignette to learn more about the visibility aspect of weather. The second mission variable to consider is the enemy. The normal cycle for defensive missions is engagement area development and preparation of the battle positions, actions in the EA, counterattack, and consolidation and reorganization. Is the enemy controlling this key terrain? Seize, destroy, and neutralize are examples of tasks associated with an offensive operation. A-119. Leaders assess risk continuously throughout COA development. How will this affect friendly and enemy target acquisition? Where is the dead space in my area of operations? What are the enemy's likely counterattack routes? The faculty feedback from the exam will better prepare you for the COA S&S. Avenues of Approach It, along with the platoons purpose, is usually assigned by the higher headquarters' OPORD in concept of operation or Tasks to Maneuver Units. He includes the requirements of indirect fire to support the maneuver. Select or Modify COA for Continued Analysis NOTE: A good COA positions the force for sequels and provides flexibility to meet unforeseen events during execution. When the leader decides what risks he is willing to accept, he also must decide in his COA how to reduce risk to an acceptable level. How will existing obstacles and restricted terrain affect the enemy? A-89. When (this is the time given in the company OPORD). From the modified combined obstacle overlay (MCOO) developed by higher headquarters, leaders already appreciate the general nature of the ground and effects of weather. factors of the overall operations. COA Development Flashcards | Quizlet What are all likely enemy avenues into my area of operations? It allows the platoon and squads to move with little hindrance. Questions Finally, given the scale with which the leader often develops his situation template, on a 1:50,000 maps, the situation template should be transferred to a graphic depiction of terrain for briefing purposes, as the situation allows. I expressed my concern and some uneasiness about the situation because our crews had been caught in dust before and knew the consequences. The COA statement specifies how the unit will accomplish the mission. The goal of this step, generating options, is to determine one or more of those ways quickly. Complete. The memory aid the higher headquarters may use to analyze and describe these civil considerations is ASCOPE. A-59. How and when they do so depends on when they receive information as well as on their experience and preferences. How do I get him to go there? Know who is in charge and who can influence and enable unit leaders to exercise governance and monitor security within a prescribed area. Cloud Cover We had legal weather; however, the weather report showed a dust storm in our flight path. Heavy snow cover can reduce the efficiency of many communication systems as well as degrade the effects of many munitions and air operations. Projected sustainment expenditures, friendly casualties, and resulting medical requirements. By focusing on the motivations for civilian labor and creating essential services and prosperity where there was none, unit leaders/commanders can win the support of the civilian who now can feed and clothe his family and now has clean running water. The leader identifies locations along each avenue of approach providing clear observation and fields of fire for both the attacker and defender. Time analysis is often the first thing a leader does. This fact forces leaders to determine how to get assistance when the situation exceeds their capabilities. On this day, he made the decision to shut down and wait for the weather to pass. The leader must not only appreciate how much time is available, but he also must be able to appreciate the time/space aspects of preparing, moving, fighting, and sustaining. A-92. The sustaining operations purposes are nested to the decisive and shaping operation's purposes by providing sustainment, operational area security, movement control, terrain management, and infrastructure. If a leader identifies terrain as decisive, this means he recognizes seizing or retaining it is necessary to accomplish the mission. The COA sketch is a drawing or series of drawings to assist the leader in describing how the operation will unfold. Biographical Sketch. For each COA, the leader thinks through the operation from start to finish. It also gives subordinates the maximum latitude for initiative. They try to keep their span of control between two to five subordinate elements. Where has the enemy positioned weapons to cover the obstacles, and what type of weapons is he using? If a solution does not exist, the leader must develop one. A-110. Cover and Concealment He does this analysis through war gaming or "fighting" the COA against at least one enemy COA. COA Sketch and Narrative A graphic and text description of the COA Should include: Scheme of Maneuver in chronological order A Main Effort action with task and purpose Supporting Effort actions with task and purpose Can use Close, Deep and Rear operations Phasing/ staging/ timing Developing a synchronization matrix here for each COA will be helpful during wargaming During the war game, the leader visualizes a set of enemy and friendly actions and reactions. Assess capabilities in terms of those required to save, sustain, or enhance life, in that order. He considers light data and identifies critical conclusions about Where can friendly forces conduct support by fire or assault by fire? He also identifies positions where artillery observers can call for indirect fire. Fratricide is an example of an accident risk. They identify the tasks and purposes, and how their immediate higher up are contributing to the fight. Start with Situation Template 2. Existing obstacles, natural include rivers; forests; mountains; ravines; gaps and ditches more than three meters wide; tree stumps and large rocks more than 18 inches high; forests with trees eight inches or more in diameter, with less than four meters between trees. Analyzing the unit's current location in relation to future Prepare a COA statement and sketch (Decisive point, form of maneuver, and statement of each task to be accomplished) Write your mission statement using the 5Ws. Reconnaissance is critical in developing the best possible enemy scenario. Deductions resulting from the relative combat power analysis. Perhaps the most critical aspect of mission analysis is determining the combat potential of ones own force. Key terrain is locations or areas whose seizure, retention, or control gives a marked advantage to either combatant. Information needed to complete paragraphs 3, 4, and 5 of the OPORD. Constraints either prohibit or require an action. In such a situation, a leader must rely on information provided by battalion or higher echelon Finally, he must update previous timelines for his subordinates, listing all events affecting the platoon and its subordinate elements. Limited planning time forces leaders to prioritize their terrain analyses. The result of the COA development process is paragraph 3 of the OPORD. How will cloud cover affect helicopter and close air support? I headed to the hangar to check on my assigned aircraft for the day and then to the tactical command post (TOC) to check the mission profile. This event made me realize the importance of instrument meteorological conditions training and proper crew coordination. It is beneficial for flight crews to know the area's weather trends. Implied tasks are those being performed to accomplish a specified task, but that are not stated in a higher headquarters order. Assign Responsibilities Distinguishable. For example, they might have to move in columns rather than in lines. Where (the objective or location stated in company OPORD), and. A-70. There four goals include. He can obtain this information by translating percentages given from higher headquarters to the actual numbers in each enemy element or from information provided the COP. The mission is always the first factor leaders consider and most basic question: What have I been told to do, and why? Specified tasks are specifically assigned to a unit by a higher headquarters and are found throughout the OPORD. Factors to consider include political boundaries, locations of government centers, by-type enclaves, special regions such as mining or agricultural, trade routes, and possible settlement sites. This allows them to exercise initiative and judgment to accomplish the unit's purpose. The time it takes to complete this is well worth the effort to ensure the command is aware of the increased risk involved. The observer must observe both the impact and effects of indirect fires. Assessments regarding on-order and be-prepared missions. A-71. A-52. -Form of maneuver or type of defensive operation. A-103. Documents Required for Senior Personnel - Funding at NSF | NSF 3. We informed the battle captain of our weather forecaster's concerns of flying the mission. Your browser does not support the video tag. SELECT HERE, By CHIEF WARRANT OFFICER 2 DWAINE L. ESCH, C Company, 2nd Battalion, 227th Aviation Regiment, 1st Air Cavalry Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division, Fort Hood, Texas. Evaluation of weather in support of these operations requires information on the wind at the surface as well as at varying altitudes. COA statement should identify -Decisive point, and what makes it decisive. The leader also determines how to avoid enemy strengths or advantages in combat power. Time refers to many factors during the operations process (plan, prepare, execute, and assess). However, as the global situation changes, the possibility of fighting threat who lack a structured doctrine increases. Analysis of civil considerations answers three critical questions, A-90. COA Statement and Sketch - LegitWriting Staff COA. Engineer forces might be needed to improve mobility or platoon and squads might have to deviate from doctrinal tactics. Form of maneuver or type of defensive mission. Will wind speed cause obscurants to dissipate quickly? Why (the units purpose, taken from the companies concept of the operation). This includes troops who are either attached to or in direct support of his unit. (a) The decisive point method employs the following steps: Determine the decisive point and the results to be achieved there. EEFI are the critical aspects of a friendly operation if known by the enemy, that subsequently would compromise or lead to failure of the operation. PDF Company OPORD Development Checklist - The Company Leader It also includes understanding the full array of assets in support of the unit. A-35. Reinforcing obstacles, tacticaltactical (reinforcing) obstacles inhibit the ability of the opposing force to move, mass, and reinforce. Implied tasks derive from a detailed analysis of higher up orders, from the enemy situation and COA, from the terrain, and from knowledge of doctrine and history. This preview shows page 13 - 24 out of 34 pages. A-122. It is a continuous cycle of action, reaction, and counteraction. Some cloud cover questions follow: Temperature and Humidity This 3-page document outlines an individual's education and training, their appointments and positions, and other . This often becomes a union of resources and specialized capabilities. Identifies how the enemy may potentially fight; the leader weighs the result of his analysis of terrain and weather against the higher headquarters situation template. The consequences of tactical risk take two major forms: A-105. These can include areas needed after combat operations and contracted resources and services. Or, they might have to move much more slowly than they would like. Is it important to me? Prepare a COA statement and sketch. What terrain has higher headquarters named as key? However, they must conduct their own detailed analyses to determine how terrain and weather uniquely affects their units' missions and the enemy. A-107. Using this technique, they would, but need not, analyze mission first; followed by terrain and weather; enemy; troops and support available; time available; and finally civil considerations. If the benefits of performing the mission do not significantly outweigh the inherent risks of marginal/borderline weather, the flight should be a no-go or implement alternate transportation to accomplish the mission safely. The decisive point might orient on terrain, enemy, time, or a combination of these. Air density decreases as temperature and humidity increase. The leader should focus his efforts to develop at least one well-synchronized COA; if time permits, he should develop several. How will cloud cover affect the target acquisition of the command launch unit? A-50. Defensive considerations when analyzing obstacles and restricted terrain: Where does the enemy want to go? Heavy cloud cover often canalizes aircraft within air avenues of approach and on the final approach to the target. How can precipitation (or lack of it) add to the unit achieving surprise? We decided to return to the airfield at that point because once we passed the light source, we wouldn't be able to see much of anything. The concept of the operation describes the relationships between activities, events, and tasks, and explains how the tasks will lead to accomplishing the mission. If the leader determines his tentative decisive point is not valid during COA development or analysis, then he must determine another decisive point and restart COA development. How can I use each avenue of approach to support my movement and maneuver? To anticipate events within the area of operations. They decide where their forces can deploy into attack formations that facilitate the initial contact and still provide freedom of action for the bulk of their forces. The Coa Statement And Sketch Term Paper - 1240 Words This understanding makes it possible to exercise disciplined initiative. How obvious are these positions to the enemy? For example, fratricide is a hazard categorized as an accident risk; surface danger zones and risk estimate distance are used to identify the controls, such as TRP and phase lines, to reduce this accidental risk. Areas Leaders in small units primarily use the COA statement and COA sketch to describe the concept of the operation. Windblown sand, dust, rain, or snow can reduce the effectiveness of radar and other communication systems. Prepare COA statement and sketch Avenue of approach Key terrain COA Analysis (war game) Observation/fields *Action - Reaction - Counteraction* of fire Methods Cover and concealment Box. Soon we had turned back and all the instruments were reading straight and level. The leader, based on his initial analysis of METT-TC, his situational awareness, his vision, and insight into how such factors can affect the unit's mission, should visualize where, when, and how his unit's ability to generate combat power (firepower, protection, maneuver, leadership, and information) can overwhelm the enemy's abilities to generate combat power. He determines the disposition of the next two higher enemy elements. b. COA Statement and Sketch. R&S assets and, most importantly, his and his higher headquarters pattern analysis and deductions about the enemy in his AO. A-82. Using the targeting methodology of D3A (decide, detect, deliver, and assess) may prove useful in determining whether a leader or influencer would best facilitate an operation, when to engage them, and what to expect. This characteristic addresses terrain analysis from a civilian perspective. If the information is available, he determines the echelon force where the enemy originated. Also, they identify the tasks, purposes, and dispositions for all adjacent maneuver elements under headquarters control. Similarly, shaping operation purposes must relate directly to those of the decisive operation. A-22. Other crewmembers noticed the same thing. A-101. The first example, which describes the process in detail, is a continuation of the exercise design . Money and resources drive prosperity and stability. Civil considerations include the influences of manmade infrastructure, civilian institutions, and attitudes, activities of civilian leaders, populations, and organizations within an area of operation, with regard to the conduct of military operations. The next day, we were then able to make it back to our home base, but not without encountering a slight amount of bad weather along the way. Categories of terrain, restricted terrain hindering movement somewhat. Organizations of influence force the leader to look beyond preexisting civilian hierarchical arrangements. As addressed in step 1 of the TLP, time analysis is a critical aspect to planning, preparation, and execution. Reinforcing obstacles, protective (reinforcing) obstacles offer close-in protection and are important to survivability. Another critical step was checking the weather for the evening. Consider all nonmilitary groups or institutions in the area of operation. Understanding these patterns helps leaders plan and execute information collection, combat operations, and logistical resupply. He should be familiar with the basic characteristics of the units and platforms identified. The leader identifies critical factors about cloud cover, including limits on illumination and solar heating of targets. They could have a hard time maintaining optimum speed, moving in some types of combat formations, or transitioning from one formation to another. A good enemy COA tells a story. Cover and concealment can be either part of the environment or something brought in by the unit to create the desired effect : A-57. Likewise, he must understand enemy doctrinal objectives. Decisive point and what makes it decisive. Recent Activities Specified tasks also may be found in annexes and overlays, for example-- "Seize OBJ FOX. The essential task is the mission taskit accomplishes the assigned purpose. Course of Action Statement and Sketch Flashcards | Quizlet The graphic depiction of terrain can be a photograph, overlay for a map sheet, or a terrain model. This terrain generally allows wide maneuver and offers unlimited travel over well-developed road networks. Based on the S-2s assessment and enemy's doctrine and current location, the leader must determine the enemy's capabilities. Leaders assess risk to protect the force and aid in mission accomplishment. If more than one COA is developed, it must be sufficiently different from the others to justify full development and consideration. Leaders understand their immediate headquarters concept of the operation. Prepare COA Statements and Sketches Conduct a Course of Action Briefing. Categories of terrain, severely restricted terrain which severely hinders or slows movement in combat formations unless some effort is made to enhance mobility. A-40. By defining organizations within the community, leaders can understand what groups have power and influence over their own smaller communities and what groups can assist our forces. The decisive point might be where or how, or from where, the unit will combine the effects of combat power against the enemy. A-114. You may begin work on the COA S&S after you have . This process is designed to facilitate the decision-making process. AGADAP Example Walk-through Part 3:. I kept an eye on the dust cloud and the instrument panel at the same time, which wasn't a good idea because I soon became disoriented.

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